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Alwin C. Carus Coin Collection

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Home Greece, Sicily, Syracuse, Hieron II, AE 22, 275 - 216 BC

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Greece, Sicily, Syracuse, Hieron II, AE 22, 275 - 216 BC

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Title	Greece, Sicily, Syracuse, Hieron II, AE 22, 275 - 216 BC
Obverse	Head of Poseidon To Left With Pleasant Expressive Face
Reverse	The Trident of Poseidon
Type/denomination	AE 22
Origin	Greece, SicilySyracuse,
Period	275 - 216 BC
Description	Hieron II was the tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily, from about 275 to 216 BC. He showed such ability and distinction after Pyrrhus left Sicily (275 BC) that he was made commander in chief of the Syracusans and was later chosen (c. 265 BC) tyrant or king. He also strengthened his position by marrying the daughter of Leptines, the city's leading citizen. Meanwhile, the Mamertini, a body of Campanian mercenaries who had been employed by Agathocles, the former tyrant of Syracuse, had captured the stronghold of Messana (Messina, in northeastern Sicily), from which they harassed the Syracusans. Hieron's forces and those of the Carthaginians laid siege, and in response, the grateful countrymen then chose Hieron as king. When in 264 BC he again attacked Messana, the Mamertini called on Rome for aid. Hieron at once joined the Carthaginian leader Hanno, who had recently landed in Sicily, but they were defeated by the Roman consul Appius Claudius, and Hieron withdrew to Syracuse. Pressed by the Roman forces, in 263 BC he was compelled to conclude a treaty with Rome that restricted his kingdom to southeast Sicily and the eastern coast as far as Tauromenium (Taormina). From this date until his death, he remained loyal to the Romans and faithfully abided by the terms of the peace, frequently supplying them with soldiers and provisions during the Punic Wars. Hieron maintained a powerful defensive fleet and employed his famous kinsman, the Greek Archimedes, in the construction of ingenious mechanical devices for defense of the city. As a ruler he was just, prudent, and generous, and he was a patron of the arts.
Publisher	Hillsdale College
Donor	Alwin C. Carus
Collection	Ancient
Accession number	20050140
Catalog Number	Sg1223

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Greece, Sicily, Syracuse, Hieron II, AE 22, 275 - 216 BC

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